Pityriasis alba
Pityriasis alba is a common skin disorder that causes patches of light-colored (hypopigmented) areas.
The term dermatitis describes an inflammatory response of the skin, caused by contact with allergens or irritants, exposure to sunlight, or by poor circulation, even stress. An example of atopic dermatitis is eczema, an itchy rash that produces redness, blisters and scaling. AVOID SCRATCHING. Scratching the rash may spread the inflammation, lead to infection and even leave scars.
Causes
The cause is unknown but may be linked to atopic dermatitis (eczema). The disorder is most common in children and teens. It is more noticeable in children with dark skin.
Symptoms
The problem areas on the skin (lesions) often start as slightly red and scaly patches that are round or oval. They usually appear on the face, upper arms, neck, and upper middle of the body. After these lesions go away, the patches turn light-colored (hypopigmented).
The patches do not tan easily. Because of this, they may get red quickly in the sun. As the skin surrounding the patches darkens normally, the patches may become more visible.
Exams and Tests
Your health care provider can usually diagnose the condition by looking at the skin. Tests, such as potassium hydroxide (KOH), may be done to check for other skin problems. In very rare cases, a skin biopsy is done.
Treatment
Your provider may recommend the following treatments:
- Moisturizer
- Mild steroid creams
- Medicine, called immunomodulators, applied to the skin to reduce inflammation
- Treatment with ultraviolet light to control the inflammation
- Medicines by mouth or shots to control the dermatitis, if severe
- Laser treatment
Outlook (Prognosis)
Pityriasis alba usually goes away on its own with patches returning to normal pigment over many months.
Possible Complications
Patches may get sunburned when exposed to sunlight. Applying sunscreen and using other sun protection can help prevent sunburn.
When to Contact a Medical Professional
Contact your provider if your child has patches of hypopigmented skin.
References
Dinulos JGH. Light-related diseases and disorders of pigmentation. In: Dinulos JGH, ed. Habif's Clinical Dermatology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 19.
Patterson JW. Disorders of pigmentation. In: Patterson JW, ed. Weedon's Skin Pathology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 11.
Version Info
Last reviewed on: 5/31/2023
Reviewed by: Ramin Fathi, MD, FAAD, Director, Phoenix Surgical Dermatology Group, Phoenix, AZ. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.
