Stimulant vs. Non-stimulant Treatments and Reward Processing in Drug-naive Youth at SUD Risk
Study Phase: Phase 4
Recruitment Status: Recruiting
Start Date: June 04, 2019
End Date: July 31, 2023
Jeffrey Newcorn, MD
Inclusion Criteria:
- Pre-pubertal (e.g. Tanner stage 1 or 2)
- Age 7-12 inclusive
- Signed consent/assent
- Parent communicates sufficiently in English to provide informed consent and complete assessment instruments;
- ADHD as determined by computerized DISC (C-DISC) parent interview
- ADHD-Rating Scale-5 total score (interview with parent )
- SNAP ADHD total score (teacher) of 1.5 SD > age/sex norms
- CD or severe ODD: CD or ODD + 2 symptoms of CD on C-DISC
- SNAP ODD/CD subscale (parent and teacher) 1.5 SD > age/sex norms
Exclusion Criteria:
- Major neurological/medical illness
- History of head injury
- Fetal exposure to alcohol/drugs
- Diagnosis of major psychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety, social phobia, Tourette's Disorder, PTSD, autism spectrum disorder)
- Current suicidal ideation or past history of suicide attempt
- Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI)75 score <75
- Prior or current treatment with stimulants (prior or current treatment with non-stimulants is permitted, but participants must be off medication for 2 weeks at baseline)
- Current or past alcohol/drug use (DISC interview; urine toxicology)
- Psychological or medical condition which precludes being in the scanner (e.g., claustrophobia, morbid obesity)
- Metal in the body that cannot be removed (e.g., braces, metal plate)
- Visual disturbances that may impair task performance
- Precocious puberty (e.g. Tanner stage >2) or pregnancy Notes:
- History of SUD in a 1st degree relative is permitted, and is expected in ~1/2 of the subjects
- Ongoing psychosocial treatment is allowed but should not be initiated during the study
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Conditions:
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity