Pilonidal sinus disease

Pilonidal abscess; Pilonidal sinus; Pilonidal cyst; Pilonidal disease

Pilonidal sinus disease is an inflammatory condition involving the hair follicles that can occur anywhere along the crease between the buttocks, which runs from the bone at the bottom of the spine (sacrum) to the anus. The disease is benign and has no association with cancer.

Pilonidal disease may appear as:

  • A pilonidal abscess, in which the hair follicle becomes infected and pus collects in the fat tissue
  • A pilonidal cyst, in which a cyst or hole forms if there has been an abscess for a long time
  • A pilonidal sinus, in which a tract grows under the skin or deeper from the hair follicle
  • A small pit or pore in the skin that contains dark spots or hair
Anatomical landmarks adult – back

There are three body views (front, back, and side) that can help you to identify a specific body area. The labels show areas of the body which are identified either by anatomical or by common names. For example, the back of the knee is called the “popliteal fossa,” while the “flank” is an area on the side of the body.

Pilonidal dimple

A pilonidal dimple is a small pit or sinus in the sacral area just at the top of the crease between the buttocks. The pilonidal dimple may also be a deep tract, rather than a shallow depression, leading to a sinus that may contain hair. During adolescence the pilonidal dimple or tract may become infected forming a cyst-like structure called a pilonidal cyst. These pilonidal cysts may require surgical drainage or total excision to prevent reinfection.

Considerations

Causes

Home Care

When to Contact a Medical Professional

What to Expect at Your Office Visit