Brain Indices of Stimulant Treatment in Drug-Naive Youth at Risk for Substance Use Disorder
Study Phase: Phase 4
Recruitment Status: Recruiting
Start Date: November 05, 2019
End Date: December 01, 2021
Inclusion Criteria:
- General: pre-pubertal (e.g. Tanner stage 1 or 2)
- age 7-12 inclusive
- signed consent/assent
- parent communicates sufficiently in English
- Has ADHD as determined by parent interview
- ADHD-Rating Scale-5 total score (interview with parent) of 1.5 SD > age/sex norms
- Youth with CD or severe ODD: CD or ODD + 2 symptoms of CD
Exclusion Criteria:
- major neurological/medical illness
- history of head injury
- fetal exposure to alcohol/drugs;
- diagnosis of major psychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety, social phobia, Tourette's Disorder, PTSD, autism spectrum disorder) current suicidal ideation or past history of suicide attempt
- Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) score <75; 7)
- current treatment with stimulants (prior or current treatment with non-stimulants is permitted, but participants must be off medication for 2 weeks at baseline; youth who had a past, brief stimulant medication exposure of no more than about a month, and not within the past 6 months may be included .)
- current or past alcohol/drug use (interview; urine toxicology)
- psychological or medical condition which precludes being in the scanner (e.g., claustrophobia, morbid obesity)
- metal in the body that cannot be removed
- visual disturbances that may impair task performance
- precocious puberty (e.g. Tanner stage >2).