Urinary incontinence is caused by three main problems:

• A weak urinary sphincter or stress incontinence 
• An overactive bladder or urge incontinence 
• A bladder that does not contract or overflow incontinence

Each or any of these problems may exist in men with the following conditions:

• Nerve problems - spinal cord injury, stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, diabetes. 
• Prostate problems - enlarged prostate or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), after prostate surgery or radiation therapy.

• History and physical - Questions regarding your medical history, including medications, past surgeries and major illnesses as well as a thorough physical exam including a rectal one to evaluate the size and consistency of the prostate gland.
• Urinalysis and urine culture - Tests to look for a urinary tract infection 
• Uroflow and PVR – Tests done with a bladder scanner to see how well you empty your bladder, your urine flow rate and the amount left in your bladder afterwards done with a bladder scanner. 
• 24 hour pad test – by collecting your urinary pads over a 24 hour period, your doctor can determine your urine loss rate
• Abdominal ultrasound -a test to evaluate the shape of the kidneys and urinary bladder.
• Transrectal ultrasound - used to evaluate the prostate.
• Video urodynamics - a test that places a small catheter in the bladder, filled with a water-based x-ray detectable dye . Bladder pressures are measured during filling and voiding and x-rays are taken .To see if the sphincter is weak a bladder test is done.
• Cystoscopy is an endoscopic look inside the bladder.